Taw qhia ntawm cov nplaum nplaum
Adhesives thiab sealants tau txais kev saib xyuas thoob plaws hauv ntau yam ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub tsim khoom thiab lub neej vim lawv cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm, thiab tau siv ntau thiab ntau dua.
Ib qho nplaum kuj hu ua adhesive lossis adhesive, uas yog hais txog cov khoom muaj peev xwm sib txuas ob yam khoom lossis cov khoom ua ke. Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov nplaum los txuas cov khoom lossis qhov chaw yog hu ua kev sib txuas.
Binder tuaj yeem hais tias yog cov khoom qub thiab tshiab, muaj ob pawg ntawm ntuj thiab hluavtaws. Tib neeg muaj keeb kwm ntev ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv ntuj tsim xws li cov pob txha pob txha, shellac, cov pos hniav, thiab asphalt. Nws paub ntau dua 5000 xyoo dhau los uas cov xub tau nchuav nrog asphalt, lacquer lacquer tau ua nrog cov lacquer nyoos, thiab dej thiab av nplaum thiab av nkos tau siv los ua cov nplaum ua ntej.
Synthetic binders yog cov ntaub ntawv polymer uas tau txais nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm tsis ntev los no nrog kev nce qib thiab kev loj hlob ntawm polymer chemistry thiab cov khoom siv hluavtaws kev lag luam. Txawm hais tias lub sijhawm tsim khoom thiab siv sijhawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws no luv luv, nws txoj kev loj hlob sai heev. Tam sim no cov khoom siv hluavtaws tau hloov pauv cov ntaub ntawv ntuj, nrog ntau txhiab pawg thiab ntau yam, suav tsis txheeb.
Sealant, tseem hu ua kua gasket, feem ntau yog kua tuab. Nws muaj qee yam fluidity los yog thixotropy thaum lub sij hawm txheej, tuaj yeem yooj yim sau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke, thiab tsim ib qho kev sib txuam, tsis tu ncua, nplaum, viscoelastic lossis peelable zaj duab xis. Lub filling ntawm zaj duab xis no tshem tawm cov interface thiab tiv thaiv cov kua. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev xau.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm sealants tau tshwm sim los ntawm, los yog keeb kwm los ntawm, adhesives. Ntev dhau los, tib neeg siv cov kua nplaum tsiaj los kaw qhov khoob hauv cov nkoj ntoo. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, nws tau paub tias cov ntaub ntawv xws li shellac, nitrocellulose, thiab xim tau ntxiv rau qee cov khoom siv los ua pastes, uas tau siv rau ntawm ob sab ntawm cov ntaub qhwv los txhim kho kev sib khi ntawm cov ntaub qhwv. Tam sim no, cov sealants tau siv dav kuj yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws, thiab lawv cov khoom tseem ceeb kuj yog cov ntaub ntawv polymer. Nws txawv ntawm adhesives nyob rau hauv uas nws muaj tsawg los yog tsis muaj adhesion. Lub sealant yog ywj siab ntawm cov nplaum thiab nws tus kheej muaj, tsis yog vim cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej, tab sis vim nws txoj haujlwm lossis lub luag haujlwm.